Polyvinyl chloride (kana kuti poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: polyvinyl, kana kungotaura vinyl; pfupiso: PVC) ndiyo polymer yepurasitiki yakagadzirwa zvakanyanya pasi rose (inotevera polyethylene nepolypropylene). Matani angangoita mamiriyoni makumi mana ePVC anogadzirwa gore rega rega.
PVC inouya nenzira mbiri huru: yakasimba (dzimwe nguva inopfupikiswa seRPVC) uye inochinjika. Iyo yakasimba yePVC inoshandiswa mukuvaka mapaipi uye mukushandisa ma profiles akadai semagonhi nemahwindo. Inoshandiswawo mukugadzira mabhodhoro epurasitiki, kurongedza zvisiri zvekudya, mapepa ekufukidza chikafu uye makadhi epurasitiki (akadai semakadhi ebhangi kana ekuva nhengo). Inogona kuitwa yakapfava uye inochinjika zvakanyanya nekuwedzera maplasticizers, anonyanya kushandiswa ari ma phthalates. Muchimiro ichi, inoshandiswawo mu pombi dzemvura, electrical cable insulation, imitation dehwe, flooring, signage, phonograph records, inflatable products, uye akawanda mashandisirwo ayo anotsiva rabha. Nekotoni kana jira, inoshandiswa mukugadzira canvas.
Polyvinyl chloride yakachena chinhu chakasimba chichena, chinopfava. Hainyungudike mualcohol asi inonyungudika zvishoma mu tetrahydrofuran.
PVC yakagadzirwa muna 1872 nenyanzvi yemakemikari yekuGermany Eugen Baumann mushure mekuferefeta kwenguva refu uye kuyedza. Iyo polymer yakaonekwa sechinhu chichena chakasimba mukati mebhodhoro revinyl chloride rakanga rasiyiwa pasherufu rakavharwa kubva kuzuva kwemavhiki mana. Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, nyanzvi yemakemikari yekuRussia Ivan Ostromislensky naFritz Klatte vekambani yemakemikari yekuGermany Griesheim-Elektron vese vakaedza kushandisa PVC muzvigadzirwa zvekutengesa, asi matambudziko ekugadzirisa iyo polymer yakasimba, dzimwe nguva yakapfava yakakanganisa kuedza kwavo. Waldo Semon neBF Goodrich Company vakagadzira nzira muna 1926 yekuisa PVC mupurasitiki nekuisanganisa nezvimwe zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira kushandisa dibutyl phthalate muna 1933.
Nguva yekutumira: Kukadzi-09-2023