Polyvinyl chloride (nemwewo: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: polyvinyl, kana kungoti vinyl; zvakapfupikiswa: PVC) ndiyo yechitatu-yakagadzirwa zvakanyanya kugadzirwa polima yepurasitiki (mushure me polyethylene uye polypropylene).Inenge mamiriyoni makumi mana ematani ePVC anogadzirwa gore negore.
PVC inouya mumhando mbiri dzinokosha: dzakaomarara (dzimwe nguva dzakapfupikiswa seRPVC) uye inochinjika.Iyo yakaomesesa fomu yePVC inoshandiswa mukuvaka pombi uye mumaprofile application senge magonhi nemahwindo.Inoshandiswawo mukugadzira mabhodhoro epurasitiki, kurongedza zvisiri zvekudya, mapepa ekuvhara chikafu uye makadhi epurasitiki (akadai sebhangi kana makadhi enhengo).Inogona kuitwa yakapfava uye inoshanduka nekuwedzerwa kweplasticizers, iyo inonyanya kushandiswa iri phthalates.Mune iyi fomu, inoshandiswawo mukugadzira pombi dzemvura, magetsi tambo insulation, kutevedzera dehwe, pasi, signage, marekodhi egiramufomu, zvigadzirwa zvinoputika, uye akawanda maapplication paanotsiva rabha.Nekotoni kana yerineni, inoshandiswa mukugadzira canvas.
Pure polyvinyl chloride ichena, ine brittle yakasimba.Haina kunyungudika mudoro asi inonyungudika zvishoma mutetrahydrofuran.
PVC yakagadzirwa muna 1872 neGerman chemist Eugen Baumann mushure mekuferefeta uye kuyedza.Iyo polima yairatidzika seyakasimba chena mukati mefurasiki yevinyl chloride yakanga yasiiwa pasherufu yakadzivirirwa kubva kuchiedza chezuva kwemavhiki mana.Mukutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, nyanzvi yemakemikari yeRussia Ivan Ostromislensky naFritz Klatte veGermany kemikari kambani Griesheim-Elektron vose vakaedza kushandisa PVC muzvigadzirwa zvekutengesa, asi matambudziko mukugadzirisa iyo yakaoma, dzimwe nguva brittle polymer yakavhiringidza kuedza kwavo.Waldo Semon neBF Goodrich Company vakagadzira nzira muna 1926 yekuisa PVC mupurasitiki nekuisanganisa nezvakasiyana-siyana zvinowedzera, kusanganisira kushandiswa kwedibutyl phthalate muna 1933.
Nguva yekutumira: Feb-09-2023